California
Child Labor Laws for Family Businesses
Last updated: January 1, 2026
Min. Wage: $16.90/hr (2026)No Broad Exemption
- IMPORTANT: California is stricter than federal law.
- Work permits are required even for family businesses when the child receives financial pay.
- Exemptions exist only for unpaid training/discipline and agricultural/domestic labor on parent-owned property.
- Workers' compensation insurance is required for all employees including the employer's own children.
14 years old for most non-agricultural work.
Exceptions:
- No state minimum for domestic/agricultural work on family-owned property.
- Work permits still required for paid employment even in family businesses.
Under 14
- Generally may not work.
Ages 14-15
- Max 3 hrs on school days, 8 hrs on non-school days.
- Max 18 hrs during school weeks, 40 hrs during non-school weeks.
- Max 6 days per week.
Ages 16-17
- School day: 4 hrs/day (8 hrs if next day is non-school).
- School week: 28 hrs/week combined work + school.
- Non-school: 8 hrs/day, 48 hrs/week.
Permits Required
- ALL minors under 18 must have a Permit to Employ and Work, even when employed by parents in a family business (with limited exceptions).
- Permits issued by minor's school or school district superintendent.
- Exceptions exist only for: (1) unpaid training/discipline in family business, (2) agricultural, horticultural, viticulture, or domestic labor on property the parent owns/operates/controls.
This information is for general educational purposes only and is not legal advice. Laws change frequently. Always verify current requirements with your state's Department of Labor and the U.S. Department of Labor.
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